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279 lines
9.5 KiB
Markdown
279 lines
9.5 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: OpenClaw 虽好，搭配沙箱才安心 - 使用 Lume 构建 mac 虚拟环境
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date: 2026-02-04
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description: OpenClaw 这种应用最吸引人、最方便的地方在于 ta 可以成为「代理」, 去执行任何「你可以做」的事。你能做，ta 就能做。不过前提便是宽松的权限管理，超级多的权限。下面介绍一个 基于 lume 的 Mac OS 虚拟机方案，将其作为沙箱环境节点供 openclaw 调用。
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categories:
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- 技术
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- 指南
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tags:
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- 技术
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- LLM
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- AI
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---
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近日 OpenClaw(原 Clawdbot, 曾用名 Moltbot) 爆火，独立自主操控电脑完成各种任务，一个挺 fancy 的 agent 应用。结合 moltbook 网站的新闻，在各种媒体的鼓吹下故事画风变得愈发科幻，巴不得明天就统治全人类。
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爆火没两天，就爆出不少安全新闻，要么是 agent 自作主张直接电脑删空，要么是大量小白用户把实例暴露在公网，别有用心的人可以直接通过 openclaw 的黑洞控制整个电脑。OpenClaw 这种应用最吸引人、最方便的地方在于 ta 可以成为「代理」, 去执行任何「你可以做」的事。你能做，ta 就能做。不过前提便是宽松的权限管理，超级多的权限。
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下面介绍一个 基于 lume 的 Mac OS 虚拟机方案，将其作为沙箱环境节点供 openclaw 调用。
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## OpenClaw Gateway 安装
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由于 gateway 节点负责与各个 channel 即 bot 通信，最好有公网 ip, 这里我在 linux 云服务器上进行部署。
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官方默认给的安装命令很简单，`npm install -g openclaw` 就可以了。但是为了安全起见我还是偏好使用 docker 容器。官方对 docker 容器的支持并不是很好，文档也有点混乱，实际测下来从代码库自行构建镜像比较好
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首先是克隆仓库。注意默认的 main 分支可能不是很稳定，最好切换到某个 tag 或者 github actions 全部通过的 commit 再构建。
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```bash
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# 示例: 切换到指定tag
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git pull --rebase
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git fetch --tags
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git checkout v2026.1.29
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```
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之后准备构建。很多教程包括官方文档是让用户直接在克隆后的 git 仓库里，修改 compose 和 env 文件。但是这样的话后续不方便更新，因为工作区有修改，每次都要 stash 再 pull 还要解决冲突的问题，太麻烦了。建议的方式是在代码库上级目录创建 compose 和 env, 这样下次要更新的话，直接到 repo 里面 git pull 再重新构建镜像就可以了。
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目录结构如下：
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```
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.
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├── .env
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├── docker-compose.yml
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└── **openclaw-repo**
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```
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compose 文件设置好构建的目录即可。示例如下
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```yaml
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services:
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openclaw-gateway:
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image: ${OPENCLAW_IMAGE:-openclaw:local}
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container_name: openclaw-gateway
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build: ./openclaw-repo
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environment:
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xxx:xxx
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```
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准备好目录和 docker compose 之后，即可开始构建
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完整 docker compose
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```yaml
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services:
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openclaw-gateway:
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image: ${OPENCLAW_IMAGE:-openclaw:local}
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container_name: openclaw-gateway
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build: ./openclaw-repo
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environment:
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HOME: /home/node
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TERM: xterm-256color
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OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_BIND: ${OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_BIND}
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OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_PORT: ${OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_PORT}
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XDG_CONFIG_HOME: ${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}
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PATH: /home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
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volumes:
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- ${OPENCLAW_CONFIG_DIR}:/home/node/.openclaw
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- ${OPENCLAW_WORKSPACE_DIR}:/home/node/.openclaw/workspace
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ports:
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- "${OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_PORT}:${OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_PORT}"
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# - "${OPENCLAW_BRIDGE_PORT:-18790}:18790"
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init: true
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restart: unless-stopped
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command:
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[
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"node",
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"dist/index.mjs",
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"gateway",
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"--bind",
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"${OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_BIND:-lan}",
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"--port",
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"${OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_PORT}",
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]
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openclaw-cli:
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image: ${OPENCLAW_IMAGE:-openclaw:local}
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environment:
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HOME: /home/node
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TERM: xterm-256color
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BROWSER: echo
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OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_BIND: ${OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_BIND}
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OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_PORT: ${OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_PORT}
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XDG_CONFIG_HOME: ${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}
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PATH: /home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
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volumes:
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- ${OPENCLAW_CONFIG_DIR}:/home/node/.openclaw
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- ${OPENCLAW_WORKSPACE_DIR}:/home/node/.openclaw/workspace
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stdin_open: true
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tty: true
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init: true
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entrypoint: ["node", "dist/index.mjs"]
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restart: none
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```
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env 示例
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```ini
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OPENCLAW_IMAGE=openclaw:latest
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OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_TOKEN=change-me
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OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_BIND=lan
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OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_PORT=8089
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OPENCLAW_CONFIG_DIR=/data/openclaw
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OPENCLAW_WORKSPACE_DIR=/data/openclaw/workspace
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XDG_CONFIG_HOME=/home/node/.openclaw
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```
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```bash
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# 镜像中的应用默认以uid 1000账户运行, 手动设置data数据目录的权限避免出现预期外的问题
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sudo chown -R 1000:1000 /data/openclaw
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# 构建镜像
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sudo docker compose build
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# 第一次使用, 初始化相关配置
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docker compose run --rm openclaw-cli onboard
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# 之后启动gateway
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docker compose up -d openclaw-gateway
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```
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如果使用 tg channel ,创建完 bot 后需要配对才可以使用。
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```
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docker compose run --rm openclaw-cli pairing approve telegram <code>
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```
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日常配置可以直接使用这个 cli 镜像后面加上需要的参数。或者直接到 Gateway 镜像中执行 `node dist/index.mjs xxx` 代替 官方文档里 `openclaw xxx` . (官方 Dockerfile 里面对 cli 工具名字的处理有问题，先曲线救国)
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```
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docker compose run --rm openclaw-cli xxx
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```
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## MacOS VM via Lume
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接下来配置 mac os 的虚拟机。使用 lume 工具
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```bash
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brew install lume
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brew services start lume
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```
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之后可以快捷安装 macos vm. 一般情况下，默认安装当前系统大版本下最新的小版本。你可以通过以下方式查询
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```bash
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# 查询`latest`参数对应默认的系统镜像和版本, 可以看到显示的url指向的系统版本为15.6.1
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~ » lume ipsw
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[2026-01-31T12:23:12Z] INFO: Fetching latest supported IPSW URL
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[2026-01-31T12:23:13Z] INFO: Found latest IPSW URL url=https://updates.cdn-apple.com/2025SummerFCS/fullrestores/093-10809/CFD6DD38-DAF0-40DA-854F-31AAD1294C6F/UniversalMac_15.6.1_24G90_Restore.ipsw
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https://updates.cdn-apple.com/2025SummerFCS/fullrestores/093-10809/CFD6DD38-DAF0-40DA-854F-31AAD1294C6F/UniversalMac_15.6.1_24G90_Restore.ipsw
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# 查询当前系统版本为15.2
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~ » sw_vers
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ProductName: macOS
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ProductVersion: 15.2
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BuildVersion: 24C101
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```
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也可以从这里获取指定版本的系统镜像下载地址，手动下载。https://ipsw.me/. 一般 mac os 的镜像大小在 15-20GB
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创建 vm
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```bash
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# 默认安装最新的版本
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lume create openclaw --os macos --ipsw latest
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# 如果失败报错"Installation requires a software update." 可以下载不高于当前系统运行的版本手动创建
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lume create openclaw --os macos --cpu 2 --memory 8GB --disk-size 100GB --ipsw ./<YOUR-DOWNLOAD-IPSW-FILE>
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# 启动vm
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lume run openclaw
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```
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之后会输出一个 vnc 地址，可以用 mac 自带的「屏幕共享」app 进行查看。菜单「连接」- 「新建」
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完成系统安装的几个必要步骤，然后到设置里把远程控制打开，后面 SSH 要用到。系统更新建议关掉。
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![[image-23.png]]
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![[image-24.png]]
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在 mac vm 上安装 openclaw
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```bash
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# 基础环境配置
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## brew 安装 (加速版本, 使用中科大镜像源)
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export HOMEBREW_BREW_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/brew.git"
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export HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git"
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export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN="https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles"
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export HOMEBREW_API_DOMAIN="https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles/api"
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/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/misc/brew-install.sh)"
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## brew 镜像配置
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echo 'export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN="https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles"' >> ~/.zshrc
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echo 'export HOMEBREW_API_DOMAIN="https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles/api"' >> ~/.zshrc
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echo 'export HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git"' >> ~/.zshrc
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echo 'export HOMEBREW_BREW_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/brew.git"' >> ~/.zshrc
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source ~/.zshrc
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## 安装基础环境
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brew install node
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brew install pnpm
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pnpm setup
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source ~/.zshrc
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echo "registry=https://npmreg.proxy.ustclug.org/" >> ~/.npmrc
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pnpm install -g openclaw@latest
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openclaw onboard --install-daemon
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```
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client 端配置好 gateway 地址和 token .第一次连接显示需要配对。在服务端执行
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```bash
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openclaw devices list
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openclaw devices apprve <复制的request id>
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```
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```bash
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# 作为node注册
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openclaw node install --host <gateway-host> --port 18789 --display-name "Mac mini"
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# 然后在服务端approve
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# 查看状态
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openclaw node status
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# 启动节点
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openclaw node start
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```
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之后就可以让 openclaw 调用这个节点啦
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THE END
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